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Glossary of terms used in competitive intelligence and knowledge management  

By Vernon Prior

NB: Entries marked with an * are new or modified entries with effect from 12 July 2009

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P / Q - R - S - T - U - V - W / X / Y/ Z

R

Recall refers to the number of relevant items retrieved as a proportion (per cent) of the total number of relevant items in an Information collection.  See also: Precision

Record management system, see Document management system

Recorded knowledge, see Explicit knowledge

Re-engineering is the radical redesign of business processes and organisational structure in order to achieve significant improvements in performance, such as productivity, cost reduction, cycle time, and quality.  There are usually four major components:

·         increasing the emphasis on customer needs;

·         fundamental redesign of core processes in order to enable improvements;

·         reorganisation into cross-functional teams;

·         rationalisation of the relationships between human and other resources. 

See also: Business process management, Horizontal organisation, Management fad

Refactoring applies to a form of editing in collaborative writing in which a participant restructures, summarises, or clarifies a collection of comments, annotations, and other writings into a cohesive whole in order to optimise subsequent group discussion.  See also: Knowledge annealing

Registered design establishes rights on the novel, ornamental, and visual aspects of an article.  See also: Intellectual property

Relationship card is the generic name for a Smart card that performs a range of functions including both financial and personal services (such as travel bookings, health records, passport details, frequent-flyer programmes, transaction records, driver's license, and social security information).  See also: Stored-value card

Report may be a Document containing the findings of an investigation or study, or offering an interpretation of facts and ideas, and usually incorporating recommendations.  It may give an account of the activities of an organisation over a specific period, or describe a process or operation. Very often it is produced in response to stated terms of reference, with a known audience in mind.  Although producers of reports must examine essential evidence in an impartial and disinterested manner, they may express personal opinion - provided that it is a rational interpretation of Information set out, or referred to, in the report, and that it is identified as opinion.  A report may also take the form of an oral presentation.  See also:  After action reviews, Briefing, Debriefing, Digest, Extract, Gisting, Indicative abstract, Informative abstract, Intelligence briefing, Management reports, Precis, Review, Special intelligence briefing, Summary, Synopsis

Request for comments (RFC) is the name for the result and the process for creating a standard on the Internet.  New standards are proposed and published on line as a Request for comment. 

Research is any activity undertaken to extend Knowledge.  See also: Basic research, Development, Research and development, Tactical research, Strategic research

Research and development (R&D) refers to systematic investigation or experimentation involving Innovation or technical risk, the outcome of which is either new Knowledge (with or without a specific practical application) or new or improved materials, products, devices, processes, or services.  See also: Advanced technologies, Applied research, Development, Invention, Research

Research impact assessment uses combinations of methods to ascertain the effect of Research on a specific field of endeavour, on allied fields, on related technologies or systems, and on operations.  The main approach may be qualitative (peer review), semi-quantitative (retrospective studies), or quantitative (Bibliometrics). 

Resource is any asset, organisational process, capability, firm attribute, Knowledge, or Information controlled by a firm that enables it to conceive of and implement strategies that improve its efficiency and effectiveness.  See also: Intellectual property, Knowledge assets, Strategy

Reverse engineering refers to the process of systematically examining or dismantling a competitor's product or service in order to reveal details of its design and manufacture; such as materials employed, techniques used, level of Technology, standard of quality, elegant solutions to problems, and so on.  See also: Benchmarking

Review is either a critical notice of a specific Document or subject that may include interpretation, offer perspective, or provide an overview and summary of progress or developments in a given subject over a specified time.  See also: Report

Robotics is the application of Artificial intelligence techniques to the design and production of Robots.   

Robots are re-programmable, multifunctional manipulators designed to move materials, parts, tools, or specialised devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a range of tasks.  The term, often abbreviated to Bot, is also applied to programs that search the Web in order to gather specific Information on behalf of a user.  See also: Crawler, Robotics, Search engine.   

Rumour is a Report disseminated without known authority; an unverified statement or assertion.

 

 

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